THE TESTAMENT OF JESUS
In 13.1-17.26: The way of the incarnate Word with his own. Jesus' last words are his "testament" to his disciples, similar to Gen 48-49 and later works containing warnings and promises based on those chapters, like The Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs. Jesus' testament comes during the last meal shared with his disciples, on the eve of Passover. Jesus died the next day at the moment the Passover lambs were being slain.
Read John 13.1-20. In 13.1-14.31: The first discourse and its setting. In 13.1-11: Setting: The footwashing replaces the Lord's Supper found at this meal in the other Gospels (compare Mt 26.17-30; Mk 14.12-26; Lk 22.7-23). Jesus' loving service is their example and motivation. In verse 1: Before the festival, the day before Passover. To the end, completely and until death (see 13.34; 15.12-13). His own ultimately, all believers. In verses 2-3: The narrator has identified Judas as the betrayer (6.70-71). Jesus remains in control; his return to the Father is part of the divine plan (compare 16.28). In verses 4-5: Wash the ... feet, normal hospitality after a journey, but usually performed by a slave or disciple. In verses 6-11: You are clean (see 15.3; 17.17, 19), but not Judas (see 6.64, 70-71; 13.2, 26-30; 17.12). In 12-20: Interpreting the footwashing. As an enactment of the love command (13..34; 15.12-13). The example of the greater serving the less makes the command more forceful (13.34; 15.12; 17.18; 20.21). In verses 18-20: The treachery of Judas, forcefully portrayed at the meal that Jesus hosts (compare 13.10-11), is further emphasized by scripture (Psalm 41.9 and see Jn 13.26). Here Jesus affirms he is the one sent by the Father. Comments or Questions..
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