In verses 17-29 Inconsistent behavior condemn.
In verses 17-18: Jewish identity is closely linked to Torah observance.
In verse 19; Isa 42.6-7.
In verses 21-23: These rhetorical questions directly indict those who boast in the law yet flagrantly violate its teachings.
Stealing and committing adultery are forbidden in the Decalogue (Ex 20.1-17; Deut 5.1-21).
In verse 24: The quotation is based on the Greek version of Isa 52.5.
See Ezek 36.20.
In verses 25-29: What really defines a person.
Gen 17.1-14 required male circumcision as the sign of God's covenant with Israel.
It indicated willingness to observe the Torah (Gal 5.3).
Uncircumcised gentiles who also fulfill the moral requirements of the Torah are, in a spiritual sense, circumcised, and more commendable than Jews who violate Torah.
Circumcision ... of the heart suggests an obedient spirit (Deut 10.16; 30.6).
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