In 11.1-10: Moses warns Pharaoh about the tenth and final plague.
In verses 1-2: The horror of the final plague will cause Pharaoh and other Egyptians to plead with Israel to leave their land.
The Egyptians will voluntarily surrender objects of silver and gold (v. 2) as predicted in 3.22 and fulfilled in 12.35-36.
This plundering of the Egyptians signifies Egypt's defeat in the battle with Israel's God.
Israel will carry away the spoils of war.
In verse 5: The coming death of every firstborn in the land of Egypt expands the earlier judgment of 4.22-23, which predicted the death only of Pharaoh's firstborn son.
Part of the background to this judgment is the deity's claim to all firstborn among humans and animals as God's rightful possession (13.1-2).
In verse 10: On Pharaoh's hardened heart, see comment on 4.21.
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